Business Immigration Germany - Guide 2025

Why Germany?

Germany remains one of the most attractive destinations for entrepreneurs and investors, offering Europe’s largest economy, a stable political climate, and equal legal treatment for foreign and domestic business owners. Add to that a top-tier infrastructure, skilled workforce, and access to EU markets, and it's easy to see why international founders choose Germany.

Government-backed platforms like Germany Trade & Invest and "Make it in Germany" simplify market entry, offering valuable data and support. The country imposes no restrictions on capital movement and offers incentives in innovation, R&D, and less-developed regions. Whether you're launching a startup, relocating staff, or expanding a family office, Germany has the right environment.

We help with almost everything you need on this journey – except for company formation, tax or compliance advice (but we know great partners who do).

Key Business Immigration Pathways

1. Self-Employment Visa (§21 AufenthG):

Ideal for non-EU founders investing or launching a business. Requirements include:

- Economic benefit for Germany

- Regional demand or commercial interest

- Proof of financing (capital or loan)

No minimum investment is set, but a solid six-figure budget and job creation potential help. Business plans are reviewed locally (e.g., by the IHK). Initially valid for up to 3 years; permanent residence possible after 3 profitable years.

2. Freelancer Visa:

For liberal professionals like consultants, artists, and some engineers. No major capital needed, but you must show qualifications, client base, and ability to support yourself. After 5 years, permanent residency may be available.

3. EU Blue Card:

For highly skilled professionals with a job offer and a minimum salary (~€48,300/year or less for shortage occupations). Fast-track to permanent residency in 21–33 months with B1 German skills. Also suitable for founders taking a salaried role in their own German entity.

4. ICT Card:

For intra-corporate transfers from non-EU branches. Must be employed for 6+ months abroad. Allows work across EU branches. Ideal for expanding existing global businesses.

Other routes: Investor visa uses the same legal base as the Self-Employment Visa. Job-seeker, Researcher, or Skilled Worker visas are also available depending on the situation.

Application Roadmap

1. Research & Planning: Validate your market fit, check local licensing, and consult local advisors or chambers (e.g., AHK).

2. Choose the Right Visa: Decide based on your role (founder, freelancer, key employee). Consider factors like family benefits and renewal options.

3. Business Plan & Documents: Include financial forecasts, funding proof, CV, and insurance. Freelancer applications should focus on experience and client base. Translate and certify documents when needed.

4. Company Setup (if applicable): You can form a GmbH/UG from abroad or wait until arrival. Online formation is possible. A local address is required. Pre-registration may strengthen your application.

5. Apply at German Mission: Submit your visa application, attend an interview, and prepare for follow-up questions. Processing can take weeks or months.

6. Enter Germany: Use your D-visa to finalize business setup and secure housing.

7. Register Residence (Anmeldung): Required within 14 days. Needed to get your tax ID and open bank accounts.

8. Convert to Residence Permit: Book an appointment at the Ausländerbehörde to get your permit card. Provide biometrics and proof of insurance.

9. Complete Business Setup: Register your business (Gewerbe or tax office), open bank accounts, and obtain licenses.

10. Maintain Compliance: Renew permits, file taxes, keep financials in order. We work with experts who can support you through this.

Business Structures Overview

- GmbH: Popular private limited company. €25,000 capital (€12,500 upfront). Ideal for SMEs/startups.

- UG: "Mini-GmbH" with capital starting at €1. Must retain 25% of profits until it converts into a GmbH.

- Sole Proprietorship: Simple, no capital requirement, but unlimited personal liability.

- Freelancer (Freiberufler): For certain professions. Taxed as personal income.

- Partnerships: GbR, KG, or GmbH & Co. KG for multiple founders. Often used for tax structuring.

All businesses must register and comply with local and national requirements. We can guide or connect you with those who can.

Tax Basics

- Corporate Tax: ~15.8% + Trade Tax (~8.75–20.3%, varies by city)

- Sole Proprietors/Freelancers: Income tax (14–45% progressive). €24,500 Trade Tax exemption.

- VAT: Standard 19%. Regular filings required.

- Payroll: Contributions for health, pension, etc. Total cost is roughly double gross salary.

Local tax rates and rules vary slightly. A tax advisor is a must. We can connect you.

Common Pitfalls & Tips

- Missing Documents: Use checklists, overprepare, and have everything translated.

- Underestimating Timelines: Budget 3–6 months for full setup. Use local experts.

- Regional Differences: Each city may interpret rules slightly differently.

- Language Barrier: Basic German helps. Use pro interpreters when needed.

- Financial Underplanning: Have 6–12 months of runway. Know your insurances.

- Doing It All Yourself: Get legal, tax, and immigration help.

- Not Integrating: Join local networks, attend events, and build relationships.

Permanent Residency & Citizenship

- Settlement Permit: After 3 years (self-employed), 5 years (freelancer), or 21–33 months (Blue Card). Requirements include income, integration, and pension contributions.

- German Citizenship: Now possible after 5 years (or even 3 with exceptional integration). Dual citizenship allowed as of 2025.

Start early with pensions and language learning. These steps lead to more stability and long-term access.

Life Setup Essentials

- Housing: Register your address (Anmeldung) ASAP. Needed for tax ID and other services.

- Healthcare: Choose between public or private insurance. All residents must be insured.

- Banking: Open a business account. Online banks are a fast option.

- Family: Spouses can work. Kids have access to good schools and childcare. Integration courses are available.

- Cultural Tips: Learn local customs. Join clubs or community events. Punctuality and professionalism go a long way.

- Logistics: You’ll need to register with GEZ (TV/radio license), possibly convert your driver’s license, and sort your utilities. Welcome to the world of German Ordnung.

Final Thought

Germany offers one of the most stable and opportunity-rich environments for international entrepreneurs. With careful planning and the right support network, business immigration is a clear path to long-term success and integration.

We can support most of the way or plug you into vetted professionals for what we don't directly offer. Good luck – and Willkommen in Deutschland!